HAMBATAN YANG DIALAMI OLEH MAHASISWA DALAM MENGELOLA KESEHATAN MENTAL SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic, Higher Students, Psychological Barriers, Mental Health, Health Belief Model
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, students experienced many changes due to policies to carry out social and physical distancing. This change is then related to students' mental health problems. If mental health problems are not addressed, it will have an impact on their well-being. This study was conducted to find out what are the barriers experienced by students in managing mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research method used is a qualitative method with a phenomenological research design. The participants involved were three students who were recruited by purposive sampling with the following criteria: (1) ages 19-25 years, (2) higher students, and (3) being in Salatiga during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data was collected by semi-structured interviews and then the data were analyzed using descriptive phenomenological analysis (DPA). The results of the analysis show that the barriers experienced by students in managing mental health during the pandemic include: (1) prohibitions on gatherings, (2) changes in activity, and (3) fear of contracting the virus. This study suggests the provision of mental health assistance services that can be easily accessed by students.
References
[1] APA. (2022). APA Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association. https://dictionary.apa.org/mental-health
[2] Basaran, Z., & Demir, A. (2017). The relationship between the rtudents’ socialization and sense of belonging who attended university’s spring festivals. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(12A), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2017.051314
[3] Bulut, S. (2019). Socialization helps the treatment of depression in modern life. Open Journal of Depression, 08(02), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojd.2019.82005
[4] Chen, T., & Lucock, M. (2022). The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey in the UK. PLoS ONE, 17(1 January), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262562
[5] Christensen, M., Welch, A., & Barr, J. (2017). Husserlian descriptive phenomenology: A review of intentionality, reduction and the natural attitude. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 7(8), 113. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v7n8p113
[6] Creswell. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design, 2Nd Edition.
[7] Deliviana, E., Maria Helena Erni, Putri Melina Hilery, & Novi Melly Naomi. (2021). Pengelolaan kesehatan mental mahasiswa bagi optimalisasi pembelajaran online di masa pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Selaras : Kajian Bimbingan Dan Konseling Serta Psikologi Pendidikan, 3(2), 129–138.
[8] Dunley, P., & Papadopoulos, A. (2019). Why is it so hard to get help? barriers to help-seeking in postsecondary students struggling with mental health issues: a scoping review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(3), 699–715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-0029-z
[9] Flick, U. (2010). An introduction to qualitative research. In SAGE publications.
[10] Galderisi, S., Heinz, A., Kastrup, M., Beezhold, J., & Sartorius, N. (2015). Toward a new definition of mental health. World Psychiatry, 14(2), 231–233. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20231
[11] Jurewicz, I. (2015). Mental health in young adults and adolescents - Supporting general physicians to provide holistic care. Clinical Medicine, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 15(2), 151–154. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.15-2-151
[12] Kahija, Y. La. (2017). Penelitian Fenomenologis.
[13] Kaligis, F., Indraswari, M. T., & Ismail, R. I. (2020). Stress during COVID-19 pandemic: Mental health condition in Indonesia. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 29(4), 436–441. https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.bc.204640
[14] Kawalcovid.id. (2022). Kawal informasi seputar COVID-19 secara tepat dan akurat. KawalCOVID19.
[15] Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2020). Pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MenKes/413/2020, 2019, 207.
[16] Lee, C. M., Cadigan, J. M., & Rhew, I. C. (2020). Increases in Loneliness Among Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Association With Increases in Mental Health Problems. Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(5), 714–717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.009
[17] Lynch, L., Long, M., & Moorhead, A. (2018). Young Men, Help-Seeking, and Mental Health Services: Exploring Barriers and Solutions. American Journal of Men’s Health, 12(1), 138–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988315619469
[18] Maya, N. (2021). Kontribusi literasi kesehatan mental dan persepsi stigma publik terhadap sikap mencari bantuan profesional psikologi. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 7(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.58470
[19] McLafferty, M., Lapsley, C. R., Ennis, E., Armour, C., Murphy, S., Bunting, B. P., Bjourson, A. J., Murray, E. K., & O’Neill, S. M. (2017). Mental health, behavioural problems and treatment seeking among students commencing university in Northern Ireland. PLoS ONE, 12(12), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188785
[20] Mukhtar, S. (2020). Mental health and emotional impact of COVID-19: Applying Health Belief Model for medical staff to general public of Pakistan. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, January. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.012
[21] Munawar, K., & Choudhry, F. R. (2021). Exploring stress coping strategies of frontline emergency health workers dealing Covid-19 in Pakistan: A qualitative inquiry. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(3), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.214
[22] Nasrullah, & Sulaiman, L. (2021). Analisis pengaruh COVID-19 terhadap kesehatan mental masyarakat di Indonesia. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 20(3), 206–211.
[23] O’sullivan, K., Clark, S., Mcgrane, A., Rock, N., Burke, L., Boyle, N., Joksimovic, N., & Marshall, K. (2021). A Qualitative Study of Child and Adolescent Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ireland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Public Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph
[24] Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2019). Situasi Kesehatan Jiwa Di Indonesia. In InfoDATIN (p. 12).
[25] Riana, F. (2021). Riset Lapor Covid-19: Mahasiswa Berisiko Besar Terpapar Covid-19. TEMPO.CO. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1500089/riset-lapor-covid-19-mahasiswa-berisiko-besar-terpapar-covid-19
[26] Ridlo, I. A. (2020). Pandemi COVID-19 dan tantangan kebijakan kesehatan mental di Indonesia. Departemen Administrasi Dan Kebijakan Kesehatan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga, 155–164. https://doi.org/10.20473/jpkm.v5i12020.155-164
[27] Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical Origins of the Health Belief Model. Health Education & Behavior, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
[28] Santini, Z. I., Pisinger, V. S. C., Nielsen, L., Madsen, K. R., Nelausen, M. K., Koyanagi, A., Koushede, V., Roffey, S., Thygesen, L. C., & Meilstrup, C. (2021). Social disconnectedness, loneliness, and mental health among adolescents in danish high schools: a nationwide cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 15(April). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.632906
[29] Scheppers, E., van Dongen, E., Dekker, J., Geertzen, J., & Dekker, J. (2006). Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: a review. Family Practice, 23(3), 325–348. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmi113
[30] Setiawan, J. L. (2006). Willingness to seek counselling, and factors that facilitate and inhibit the seeking of counselling in Indonesian undergraduate students. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 34(3), 403–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069880600769654
[31] Suriastini, W., Sikoki, B., & Listiono. (2020). Gangguan kesehatan mental meningkat tajam : sebuah panggilan meluaskan layanan kesehatan jiwa. SurveyMETER. https://surveymeter.org/id/node/576
[32] Topkaya, N. (2015). Factors influencing psychological help seeking in adults: a qualitative study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.1.2094
[33] Tristiana, R. D., Yusuf, A., Fitryasari, R., Wahyuni, S. D., & Nihayati, H. E. (2018). Perceived barriers on mental health services by the family of patients with mental illness. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 5(1), 63–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.12.003
[34] Walean, C. J. S., Pali, C., & Sinolungan, J. S. V. (2021). Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan pada Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Biomedik : Jbm, 13(2), 132–143. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/biomedik/article/view/31765
[35] Widayanti, A. W., Green, J. A., Heydon, S., & Norris, P. (2020). Health-seeking behavior of people in Indonesia: A narrative review. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 10(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.200102.001
[36] Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Ma, X., & Di, Q. (2020). Mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemics and the mitigation effects of exercise: A longitudinal study of college students in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103722
[2] Basaran, Z., & Demir, A. (2017). The relationship between the rtudents’ socialization and sense of belonging who attended university’s spring festivals. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(12A), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2017.051314
[3] Bulut, S. (2019). Socialization helps the treatment of depression in modern life. Open Journal of Depression, 08(02), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojd.2019.82005
[4] Chen, T., & Lucock, M. (2022). The mental health of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: An online survey in the UK. PLoS ONE, 17(1 January), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262562
[5] Christensen, M., Welch, A., & Barr, J. (2017). Husserlian descriptive phenomenology: A review of intentionality, reduction and the natural attitude. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 7(8), 113. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v7n8p113
[6] Creswell. (2007). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design, 2Nd Edition.
[7] Deliviana, E., Maria Helena Erni, Putri Melina Hilery, & Novi Melly Naomi. (2021). Pengelolaan kesehatan mental mahasiswa bagi optimalisasi pembelajaran online di masa pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Selaras : Kajian Bimbingan Dan Konseling Serta Psikologi Pendidikan, 3(2), 129–138.
[8] Dunley, P., & Papadopoulos, A. (2019). Why is it so hard to get help? barriers to help-seeking in postsecondary students struggling with mental health issues: a scoping review. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(3), 699–715. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-0029-z
[9] Flick, U. (2010). An introduction to qualitative research. In SAGE publications.
[10] Galderisi, S., Heinz, A., Kastrup, M., Beezhold, J., & Sartorius, N. (2015). Toward a new definition of mental health. World Psychiatry, 14(2), 231–233. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20231
[11] Jurewicz, I. (2015). Mental health in young adults and adolescents - Supporting general physicians to provide holistic care. Clinical Medicine, Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London, 15(2), 151–154. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.15-2-151
[12] Kahija, Y. La. (2017). Penelitian Fenomenologis.
[13] Kaligis, F., Indraswari, M. T., & Ismail, R. I. (2020). Stress during COVID-19 pandemic: Mental health condition in Indonesia. Medical Journal of Indonesia, 29(4), 436–441. https://doi.org/10.13181/mji.bc.204640
[14] Kawalcovid.id. (2022). Kawal informasi seputar COVID-19 secara tepat dan akurat. KawalCOVID19.
[15] Kementrian Kesehatan RI. (2020). Pedoman pencegahan dan pengendalian corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). MenKes/413/2020, 2019, 207.
[16] Lee, C. M., Cadigan, J. M., & Rhew, I. C. (2020). Increases in Loneliness Among Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Association With Increases in Mental Health Problems. Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(5), 714–717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.009
[17] Lynch, L., Long, M., & Moorhead, A. (2018). Young Men, Help-Seeking, and Mental Health Services: Exploring Barriers and Solutions. American Journal of Men’s Health, 12(1), 138–149. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988315619469
[18] Maya, N. (2021). Kontribusi literasi kesehatan mental dan persepsi stigma publik terhadap sikap mencari bantuan profesional psikologi. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 7(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.58470
[19] McLafferty, M., Lapsley, C. R., Ennis, E., Armour, C., Murphy, S., Bunting, B. P., Bjourson, A. J., Murray, E. K., & O’Neill, S. M. (2017). Mental health, behavioural problems and treatment seeking among students commencing university in Northern Ireland. PLoS ONE, 12(12), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188785
[20] Mukhtar, S. (2020). Mental health and emotional impact of COVID-19: Applying Health Belief Model for medical staff to general public of Pakistan. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, January. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.012
[21] Munawar, K., & Choudhry, F. R. (2021). Exploring stress coping strategies of frontline emergency health workers dealing Covid-19 in Pakistan: A qualitative inquiry. American Journal of Infection Control, 49(3), 286–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.06.214
[22] Nasrullah, & Sulaiman, L. (2021). Analisis pengaruh COVID-19 terhadap kesehatan mental masyarakat di Indonesia. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 20(3), 206–211.
[23] O’sullivan, K., Clark, S., Mcgrane, A., Rock, N., Burke, L., Boyle, N., Joksimovic, N., & Marshall, K. (2021). A Qualitative Study of Child and Adolescent Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ireland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Public Health, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph
[24] Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2019). Situasi Kesehatan Jiwa Di Indonesia. In InfoDATIN (p. 12).
[25] Riana, F. (2021). Riset Lapor Covid-19: Mahasiswa Berisiko Besar Terpapar Covid-19. TEMPO.CO. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1500089/riset-lapor-covid-19-mahasiswa-berisiko-besar-terpapar-covid-19
[26] Ridlo, I. A. (2020). Pandemi COVID-19 dan tantangan kebijakan kesehatan mental di Indonesia. Departemen Administrasi Dan Kebijakan Kesehatan, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Airlangga, 155–164. https://doi.org/10.20473/jpkm.v5i12020.155-164
[27] Rosenstock, I. M. (1974). Historical Origins of the Health Belief Model. Health Education & Behavior, 2(4), 328–335. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817400200403
[28] Santini, Z. I., Pisinger, V. S. C., Nielsen, L., Madsen, K. R., Nelausen, M. K., Koyanagi, A., Koushede, V., Roffey, S., Thygesen, L. C., & Meilstrup, C. (2021). Social disconnectedness, loneliness, and mental health among adolescents in danish high schools: a nationwide cross-sectional study. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 15(April). https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2021.632906
[29] Scheppers, E., van Dongen, E., Dekker, J., Geertzen, J., & Dekker, J. (2006). Potential barriers to the use of health services among ethnic minorities: a review. Family Practice, 23(3), 325–348. https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmi113
[30] Setiawan, J. L. (2006). Willingness to seek counselling, and factors that facilitate and inhibit the seeking of counselling in Indonesian undergraduate students. British Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 34(3), 403–419. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069880600769654
[31] Suriastini, W., Sikoki, B., & Listiono. (2020). Gangguan kesehatan mental meningkat tajam : sebuah panggilan meluaskan layanan kesehatan jiwa. SurveyMETER. https://surveymeter.org/id/node/576
[32] Topkaya, N. (2015). Factors influencing psychological help seeking in adults: a qualitative study. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 15(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.12738/estp.2015.1.2094
[33] Tristiana, R. D., Yusuf, A., Fitryasari, R., Wahyuni, S. D., & Nihayati, H. E. (2018). Perceived barriers on mental health services by the family of patients with mental illness. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 5(1), 63–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2017.12.003
[34] Walean, C. J. S., Pali, C., & Sinolungan, J. S. V. (2021). Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan pada Mahasiswa di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Biomedik : Jbm, 13(2), 132–143. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/biomedik/article/view/31765
[35] Widayanti, A. W., Green, J. A., Heydon, S., & Norris, P. (2020). Health-seeking behavior of people in Indonesia: A narrative review. Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, 10(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.200102.001
[36] Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Ma, X., & Di, Q. (2020). Mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemics and the mitigation effects of exercise: A longitudinal study of college students in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103722
Published
2022-12-28
How to Cite
Goszal, I. M., & Murti, H. A. (2022). HAMBATAN YANG DIALAMI OLEH MAHASISWA DALAM MENGELOLA KESEHATAN MENTAL SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 3(8), 7307-7316. https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v3i8.2376
Issue
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2022 Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
