Supervisor Safety Support as Predictor of Safety Climate
Keywords:
safety, voice, kecelakaan bus, satisfaction
Abstract
Data menunjukkan bahwa faktor kelalaian manusia merupakan kontributor tertinggi dalam menyebabkan kecelakaan bus di jalan raya yakni sekitar 80 hingga 90 persen. Namun perusahaan otobus yang menaungi karyawan juga memiliki andil dalam mempengaruhi perilaku sopir bus yang kemudian akan mempengaruhi kinerja sopir bus tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan responden sopir bus AKAP dan AKDP yang berbasis di wilayah Jawa Timur untuk mengetahui pengaruh dukungan supervisor selaku agen perusahaan terhadap iklim keselamatan kerja perusahaan. Selain itu, studi ini juga berusaha mengeksplorasi pengaruh safety climate pada employee safety voice dan satisfaction with the company. Dengan menggunakan Teknik purposive accidental sampling dalam pengambilan sampelnya dan juga analisis regresi untuk pengolahan data, hasil menunjukkan bahwa dukungan supervisor terbukti memprediksi safety climate. Safety climate juga terbukti berpengaruh positif signifikan pada employee safety voice dan satisfaction with the company. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi praktis dimana dapat penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan bagi para PO Bus untuk lebih melibatkan peran supervisor atau atasan langsung dari para supir bus dalam menciptakan iklim keselamatan yang tepat dalam diri para supir bus. Sedangkan secara teoritis, penelitian ini dapat memberikan wawasan baru terkait topik safety untuk penelitian selanjutnya di masa depan.
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Springer, G. J. 2010. A Study of Job Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance Among Bank Employees: A Correlation Study. Journal of Global Business Issues. Ann Arbor.
Sulzer-Azaroff, B., dan De Santamaria, M.C. 1980. Industrial safety hazard reduction through performance feedback. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Vol. 13, 287-295.
Tsui, A. S., Pearce, J. L., Porter, L. W., dan Tripoli, A. M. 1979. Alternative Approaches to the Employee-Organization Relationship: Does Investment in Employees Pay off? Academy of Management Journal, 40(5), halaman 1089-1121.
Tucker, S., Chemiel, N., Turner, N., dan Stride, C.B. 2008. Perceived Organizational Support for Safety and Employee Safety Voice: The Mediating Role of Coworker Support for Safety. Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 319-330.
Wangombe, J.G., Wambui, T.W., Kamau, A.W. 2014. The Perceived Supervisor and Organizational support on Organizational Climate. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, Vol: 19, 53-59.
Watson, B., dkk. 2005. Analysis of a Safety Climate Measure for Occupational Vehicle Drivers and Implications for Safer Workplaces. The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling vol 11. halaman 8-21.
Yukl, G., dan Tracey, J. B. 1992. Consequences of influence tactics used with subordinates, peers, and the boss. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 77, 525–535.
Zohar, D. 1980. Safety climate in industrial organizations: Theoretical and applied implications. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 65, 96–102.
Zohar, D., dan Luria, G. 2005. A Multilevel Model of Safety Climate: Cross-Level Relationship Between Organization and Group-Level Climates. Journal of Applied Psychology vol 90(4). halaman 616-628.
Anususanto, J.D dan Pramarito, A.D. 2010. Persaingan Moda Transportasi Darat Jarak Pendek (Kereta Api Komuter Dengan Bus Ekonomi). Konferensi Nasional Teknik Sipil 4 Sanur 2010.
Bakotic, D. dan Babic, Tomislav. 2013. Relationship Between Working Conditions and Job Satisfaction: The Case of Croatian Shipbuilding Company. International Journal of Business and Social Science volume 4, 2. halaman 206-213.
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Transaction Publishers.
Boyad, A dkk. 2012. An Empirical Study of Employee Satisfaction in Textile Industries. Journal of Strategic Human Resource Management. halaman 38-48.
Cooper, D. R., Schindler, P. S., & Sun, J. (2003). Business research methods.
Cropanzano, R., Anthony, E.L., Daniels, S.R. and Hall, A.V., 2017. Social exchange theory: A critical review with theoretical remedies. Academy of management annals, 11(1), pp.479-516.
Davis, H. D. 1996. Emphaty: A Social Psychological Approach. Boulder: Westview Press.
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat RI. 2013. Perhubungan Darat Dalam Angka. Jakarta: Kementerian Perhubungan
Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat. 2017. Road Accident in Indonesia Happens Every 9.1 Minutes. http://dephub.go.id/post/read/kecelakaan-jalan-raya-di-indonesia-terjadi-setiap-91-menit-2307, diakses pada 5 April 2017).
Danna, K., dan Griffin, R. K. 1999. Health and Well-Being in the Workplace: A Review and Systhesis of the Literature. Journal of Management vol 25. 3. halaman 357-384.
Eisenberger, R. dan Michael, A. 1986. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology volume 51(5). halaman 1020-1031.
Eisenberger, R., Lynch, P., Aselage, J., & Rohdieck, S. 2004. Whotakes the most revenge? Individual differences in negative reciprocity norm endorsement. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30: 787–799.
Gergen, K.J., 1969. The psychology of behavior exchange.
Gouldner, A.W., 1960. The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. American sociological review, pp.161-178.
Griffin, M. A., dan Neal, A. 2000. Perceptions of Safety at Work: A Framework for Linking Safety Climate to Safety Performance, Knowledge, an Motivation. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5(3). halaman 347-358.
Griffin, M. A., dan Neal, A. 2004. Safety Climate and Safety at Work. The Psychology of Workplace Safety. Washington: American Psychological Association XI. 337. halaman 15-34.
Hofmann, D. A., dan Morgeson, F. P. 1999. Safety-related behaviour as a Social Exchange: The role of Perceived Organizational Support and Leader-Member Exchange. Journal of Applied Psychology. 84. halaman 286-296.
Huang, dkk. 2004. Quality of the Execution of Corporate Safety Policies and Employee Safety Outcomes: Assessing the Moderating Role of Supervisor Safety Support and the Mediating Role of Employee Safety Control. Journal of Business and Psychology. halaman 483.
Kottke, J. L. dan Sharafinski, C. E. 1988. Measuring Perceived Supervisory and Organizational Support. Educational and Psychological Measurement Winter volume 48, 4. halaman 1075-1079.
Lauver, Kristy J., dkk. 2009. Supervisor Support and Risk Perception: Their Relationship with Unreported Injuries and Near Misses. Journal of Managerial Issues, 21, halaman 327-343
Leiter, M.P., dan Harvie, P. 1997. Correspondence of supervisor and subordinate perspective during major organizational change. Journal of Occupational Heath Psychology, Vol. 2, 343-352.
LePine, J. A., dan Van Dyne, L. 2001. Voice and cooperative behavior as contrasting forms of contextual performance: Evidence of differential relationships with Big Five personality characteristics and cognitive ability. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 326–336.
Lind, E. A., dan Tyler, T. R. 1988. The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice. New York: Plenum.
Pyman, A., Cooper, B., Teicher, J., dan Holland, P. 2006. A Comparison Of The Effectiveness Of Employee Voice Arrangements In Australia. Industrial Relations Journal, Vol. 37, 543–59.
Rizwan, M. dan Mukhtar, A. 2014. Preceding to Employee Satisfaction and Turnover Intention.International Journal of Human Resource Studies. 4. halaman 87-106.
Sarwar, A., & Khalid, A. 2011. Impact of Employee Empowerment on Employee’s Job Satisfaction and Commitment with the Organization. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(2). halaman 664-683.
Sharpley, R., 2014. Host perceptions of tourism: A review of the research. Tourism Management, 42, pp.37-49.
Spector, P.E. 1997. Job Satisfaction, Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication. United States of America.
Springer, G. J. 2010. A Study of Job Motivation, Satisfaction, and Performance Among Bank Employees: A Correlation Study. Journal of Global Business Issues. Ann Arbor.
Sulzer-Azaroff, B., dan De Santamaria, M.C. 1980. Industrial safety hazard reduction through performance feedback. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Vol. 13, 287-295.
Tsui, A. S., Pearce, J. L., Porter, L. W., dan Tripoli, A. M. 1979. Alternative Approaches to the Employee-Organization Relationship: Does Investment in Employees Pay off? Academy of Management Journal, 40(5), halaman 1089-1121.
Tucker, S., Chemiel, N., Turner, N., dan Stride, C.B. 2008. Perceived Organizational Support for Safety and Employee Safety Voice: The Mediating Role of Coworker Support for Safety. Journal of Occupational Psychology, Vol. 13, No. 4, 319-330.
Wangombe, J.G., Wambui, T.W., Kamau, A.W. 2014. The Perceived Supervisor and Organizational support on Organizational Climate. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science, Vol: 19, 53-59.
Watson, B., dkk. 2005. Analysis of a Safety Climate Measure for Occupational Vehicle Drivers and Implications for Safer Workplaces. The Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling vol 11. halaman 8-21.
Yukl, G., dan Tracey, J. B. 1992. Consequences of influence tactics used with subordinates, peers, and the boss. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 77, 525–535.
Zohar, D. 1980. Safety climate in industrial organizations: Theoretical and applied implications. Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 65, 96–102.
Zohar, D., dan Luria, G. 2005. A Multilevel Model of Safety Climate: Cross-Level Relationship Between Organization and Group-Level Climates. Journal of Applied Psychology vol 90(4). halaman 616-628.
Published
2021-12-01
How to Cite
Alfirdaus, Z., Herachwati, N., Sulistiawan, J., Yudha, B., & Ruslananda, M. (2021). Supervisor Safety Support as Predictor of Safety Climate. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 2(7), 2029-2040. https://doi.org/10.47492/jip.v2i7.1050
Section
Articles
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